01
Use a four-part spoken structure
- Position: answer the question directly.
- Reason: identify the most important ethical or practical consideration.
- Perspective: acknowledge uncertainty or another stakeholder.
- Action: explain the immediate next step and any condition for escalation.
02
Practice for natural delivery
Do not write and memorize full scripts. Record short responses from bullet prompts, review the first 15 seconds, and check whether a listener can identify your decision immediately.
03
A 20-minute drill
- Record five one-minute answers without restarting.
- After each answer, write the decision you intended to communicate.
- Replay at 1.25x speed and mark vague phrases, repeated openings, and missing actions.
- Record the same prompts again using only three planning bullets.
- Compare clarity, not charisma.
04
Common mistakes
- Spending the entire minute describing both sides without choosing a response.
- Trying to mention every stakeholder and losing the central issue.
- Sounding punitive before confirming facts.
- Ending with a value statement instead of a practical action.
- Restarting practice recordings until they sound polished and unlike test-day speech.